Software means computer instructions or data. Software is a general term. It can refer to all computer instructions in general or to any specific set of computer instructions. Software refers to one or more computer programs and data held in the storage of the computer. Anything that can be stored electronically is software, in contrast to storage devices and display devices which are called hardware.
Computers have 2 basic parts, the hardware and the software. Hardware is everything from the monitor, hard drives, keyboard, etc. Anything that can be touched is hardware. Software typically refers to programs which need to be installed into a computer in order to perform certain applications or functions. Software is typically installed into the hard drive. The distinction between software and hardware is sometimes confusing because they are so integrally linked. Clearly, when you purchase a program, you are buying software. But to buy the software, you need to buy the disk (hardware) on which the software is recorded.
Categories of Software
Software is often divided into two categories. Systems software includes the operating system and all the utilities that enable the computer to function. Applications software includes programs that do real work for users. For example, word processors, spreadsheets, and database management systems fall under the category of applications software. System software is responsible for controlling, integrating, and managing the individual hardware components of a computer system so that other software and the users of the system see it as a functional unit without having to be concerned with the low-level details such as transferring data from memory to disk, or rendering text onto a display. Generally, system software consists of an operating system and some fundamental utilities such as disk formatters, file managers, display managers, text editors, user authentication (login) and management tools, and networking and device control software.
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